> Google's crawlers treat all 4xx errors, except 429, as if a valid robots.txt file didn't exist. This means that Google assumes that there are no crawl restrictions.
This is a better source than a random SEO dude with a channel full of AI-generated videos.
Not entirely unlikely this is just a bug on Google's end.
It's fairly common for there to be a very long and circuitous route between cause and effect in search, so a bug like this can sometimes be difficult to identify until people start making blog posts about it.
I remember back in the day, when SEO was a more viable channel, being surprised at how much of the game was convincing Google to crawl you at all.
I naively assumed that they would be happy to take in any and all data, but they had a fairly sophisticated algorithm for deciding "we've seen enough, we know what the next page in the sequence is going to look like." They value their bandwidth.
It led to a lot of gaming of how you optimally split content across high-value pages for search terms (the 5 most relevant reviews should go on pages targeting the New York metro, the next 5 most relevant for LA, etc.)
I'm surprised again, honestly. I kind of assumed the AI race meant that Google would go back to hoovering all data at the cost of extra bandwidth, but my assumption clearly doesn't hold. I can't believe I knew all that about Google and still made the same assumption twice.
And from the comments below, sounds like they might be aggressively crawling still, but unidentified or with a different crawler identity. So perhaps they are hoovering up everything in the AI era.
I agree; I'm calling "incorrect" on this for now, pending corroborating sources. I run a few sites that don't contain a robots.txt file, and they are showing on Google just fine. I see links to the home page and several interior pages; all good.
If there's one thing I know about Google search, it's that there's never one behavior you can rely on. De-indexed? It's been decades since Google started drawing a complete distinction between allowing the Googlebot to crawl and presence in the index. Last time I needed to make a page disappear from the index, I learned that crawl permission had nothing to do with keeping a page in the index or not. In fact, disallowing it in robots was actually the worst thing I could do, since it wouldn't let the bot show up to find my new "noindex" metatags, which are now the only way to make your page drop out of the index.
Having a shortcut like 403ing the robots would actually be useful. LOL
If true, this would mean more websites with genuine content from the "old" internet won't show up (since many personal websites won't have this), while more SEO-optimized content farms that of course do put up a robots.txt will...
It also fits Google's plan to create a surrogate web.
- AI was the first step (or actually, among the first five steps or so). CHECK.
- Google search has already been ruined. CHECK.
- Now robots.txt is used to weed out "old" websites. CHECK.
They do too much evil. But it is also our fault, because we became WAY too dependent on these mega-corporations.
> Your robots.txt file is the very first thing Googlebot looks for. If it can not reach this file, it will stop and won't crawl the rest of your site. Meaning your pages will remain invisible (on Google).
This implication (stopped crawl means your pages are invisible) directly contradicts Google's own documentation[0] that states:
> If other pages point to your page with descriptive text, Google could still index the URL without visiting the page. If you want to block your page from search results, use another method such as password protection or noindex.
What I get from the article is the big change is Google now treats missing robots.txt as if it disallowed crawling. Meaning you can still get indexed but not crawled (as per above).
My cynical take for this is this is a preparation for a future AI-related lawsuit. Everyone explicitly allowing Google (and/or other crawlers) is a proof they're doing it with website's permission.
Oh, you'd want to appear in Google search results without appearing in Gemini? Tough luck, bro.
Don't invest any second of your time into the US tech monopoly. That time is much better spent deploying non-US alternatives and backing up your data from US clouds, which could be blocked for us any moment.
Google is a rent-seeking parasitic middleman leeching off productive businesses, let them hang out with their best friends at the US administration.
Plus if you run adsense google with ignore crawler rules and visit the page from google ips and from some shady ip. Wonder if it is the same for sites using Analytics.
Why you still have the idea in your head that they play by the rules. With the current administration they have been empowered to extract maximum value from us.
In the early days of smartphone use, Google and Facebook uploaded contact lists of every single smartphone user to their servers.
I remember how religiously people used to care about their Google ranking. It's almost shocking to realize how fast that has changed. People used to spend tons of effort gaming site load speed, optimizing sitemaps and writing blog content.
All of that is fast getting completely irrelevant, people see ads on their favourite TikReels app, find their holiday presents on Temu and ask their questions from ChatGPT
Some of it has rebranded to “GEO optimization” (generative ai optimization) and half of that battle is ranking higher in Google since that is where most AI tools search anyway
This is literally the point of robots.txt. It was created to allow site owners to configure how and which parts of their website can be scraped by what bot, and all the "decent" ones (Google, Bing) respect it.
I've witnessed a few catastrophes that have resulted in mistakes made via robots.txt, especially when using 'disallow' as an attempt to prevent pages being indexed.
I don't know if the claims made here are true but there really isn't any reason not to have a valid robots.txt available. One could argue that if you want Google to respect robots.txt then not having one should result in Googlebot not crawling any further.
According to Gemini it uses the googlebot cache but it will fetch on demand when it's missing and the user asks for a summary. There are separate UAs you would need to block for those, Googlebot (search) and Google-Extended (AI summaries)
I don't even bother with Google indexing anymore. They massively de-index perfectly valid and useful pages. And this happens to thousands of sites.
Google becomes less and less relevant.
Sounds like great news. Users will eventually figure out other search engines produce more relevant results and Google's dominance will fade. Hopefully they never "fix" it.
To reach my site, users need to get through the AI summary first. Spoilers: they don't get through more often than not. This is based on the drop of views since AI summary started.
And honestly, I don't blame them. If the summary has the info, why risk going to a possibly ad-filled site?
> If the summary has the info, why risk going to a possibly ad-filled site?
I can usually tell if the information on a website was written by somebody who knows what they're talking about. (And ads are blocked)
The AI summary on the other hand looks exactly the same to me regardless if it's correct. So it's only useful if I can verify its correctness with minimal effort.
Kagi has an optional AI summary users can trigger on demand, which feels a lot more useful than google’s - most of the time I want the actual websites, but sometimes I just want an overview of the top results which it’s really useful for
And what if your website is ad free and the AI full of advertising? At least the users get the information and the AI save on your bandwidth (in theory!).
That's assuming one cares about "attribution" and "people following other links on your site". I.e. that's still being a salesman, maybe with extra steps.
In the alternative case, no value is being taken, you're left exactly with what you had before - nothing gained, nothing lost - but some user somewhere gains a little. Apparently even in 2026, the concept of positive-sum exchange, is unfathomable to so many.
> That's assuming one cares about "attribution" and "people following other links on your site". I.e. that's still being a salesman, maybe with extra steps.
No, it's called being part of a community.
Soup kitchens provide free food without requiring anything in return. That doesn't make it OK for you to take as much as you can get and resell it.
> In the alternative case, no value is being taken, you're left exactly with what you had before - nothing gained, nothing lost - but some user somewhere gains a little. Apparently even in 2026, the concept of positive-sum exchange, is unfathomable to so many.
It's not a positive sum exchange. The community is what is lost.
> Soup kitchens provide free food without requiring anything in return. That doesn't make it OK for you to take as much as you can get and resell it.?
It would be if the kitchen soup had infinite soup available.
Whatever volume of soup you take from the soup kitchen, it's gone from the kitchen. This is not the case with information - you consuming or collecting it does not mean there's less of it at the source.
> No, it's called being part of a community.
Soup kitchens are bad example. They're not there to build a community of poor people. They're there to feed them. The only reason they mind people taking in excess is because supply of soup is finite - take too much, and there won't be enough for someone else. Beyond that, they don't really care what people do with it.
> It's not a positive sum exchange. The community is what is lost.
Nobody other than salesmen and marketers want a community around everything. Especially not when they're looking for facts, or providing a helping hand.
Pay-it-forward is not affected by introduction of an intermediary (AI or otherwise), because it's about giving, not trading.
That's another way of putting this concept that so many don't seem to get: not everything has to be an exchange.
> The top Stack Overflow answer on robots.txt has a discussion about Allow: / not being valid according to the spec. The only date for the comments is "Over a year ago" but given that the question is from 2010 the comments are probably from around that time.
Firstly, I detest that stupid "feature" of showing only relative dates. It makes screenshots impossible to date, and it's frankly useless for humans as proven by OP's article.
Secondly, you can hover over the relative date string to see the actual date. But don't let that stop you from hating it.
It wouldn't be so bad if it was in addition to absolute dates and times, but that doesn't look as pretty. There is some value in highlighting that something happened within a few seconds/minutes/hours/days although the switchover points should be chosen carefully as to not have huge relative differences between start and end of the range.
This is a crazy change. I wonder if part of the reasoning is that sites without a robots.txt tend to be very low-quality. Search is a very hard problem and in a world of LLM-generated internet, it's become way harder.
My take: google marketing found a ploy to make "google" look like a better nettizen than the AI companies that hammer away on sites to the level of a DDOS attack.
> Google's crawlers treat all 4xx errors, except 429, as if a valid robots.txt file didn't exist. This means that Google assumes that there are no crawl restrictions.
This is a better source than a random SEO dude with a channel full of AI-generated videos.