Could bottlerocket be the basis for desktop system where it would be easy to switch between isolated environments? It would be very handy to have a maximally secure environment, at least from software perspective, for certain operations.
You may want to look into Qubes. It's not specifically designed for running containers like this is, but it does provide a single OS with multiple isolated environments for different programs.
As _underfl0w_ said, you're pretty much describing Qubes. Using it can be eye opening--nothing works together unless you let it, which is a good way to get a feel for your attack surface / unknown dependencies.
Qubes uses VM's. Subgraph OS is another option. It tries to achieve the same thing with containers, but their latest release is pretty old--not sure how alive that project is.