Kindle unlimited link to Prof Steve Keen's new book. Mainstream economics ignores debt and so fails to predict events like the subprime crisis. Keen's first principles approach using double entry bookkeeping shows how money is created by banks when they lend and shows the importance of public and private debt.
It's still peanuts compared to what owners make when their startup goes big. Seems reasonable that there's still room for small startups in AI with smarter approaches that don't require Manhattan project scale at a big company. Whether successful startups should sell out to big companies or become one themselves is the 64 billion question.
I always hated whiteboard coding exercises because under stress coding from scratch I would make stupid syntax errors often in boilerplate code that I normally would just copy from an example. Pseudo code wasn't as bad, but still stressful. Brain teasers on the other hand were fun and I could often solve them without having seen them before. Solving one brain teaser has got me hired more than once.
I can see a huge opportunity after this scheme is common practice to offer a paid club membership like Amazon Prime that guarantees good/reasonable/lower prices on all flights with an airline.
So likely dark matter is a different flavor of something already in the model. Dr. Mills' Hydrino theory presents hydrogen with the electron in a lower orbit that does not radiate as a candidate for dark matter. These states are stable like the ground state. Transition into or between hydrino states emit light in the UV or soft X-ray wavelengths that is not seen in optical telescopes.
There are many ways Mills claims to have experimentally verified the existence of hydrinos but the most obvious one is the faster than hydrogen transit through a gas chromatograph.
I don't believe the author is being very serious here. Their comparison with Starship forgot to normalize for propellant mass, which is one of the more dishonest comparison figures I've seen in my lifetime. Nobody's microwave has a higher specific impulse than the Raptor engine, nevermind nine of them.
Well sure. But the Starship does, so you either have to scale up the space drive or scale down the Raptor engine to get a fair comparison. "power to weight payload lift capability" is a completely facetious comparison if your impulse is too weak to leave the atmosphere.
A middle-schooler could tell you how this goes. The microwave probably weighs ~80lbs to lift 100lbs of rocks. A single Raptor engine has a thrust-to-weight ratio of 200 - the microwave has a ratio of 1.2.
Brilliant Light Power have long been the target of skeptics that do not believe their claims of a classical physics breakthrough. Might this demonstration of concrete blocks being lifted by the microwave power of a common microwave oven be the tipping point in taking the company seriously?
Yes, it is often possible to upgrade your PC hardware to make it compatible with Windows 11, but the feasibility and cost depend heavily on which specific requirements your current PC fails to meet.
Windows 11 has stricter hardware requirements than Windows 10, primarily focusing on security and modern capabilities. The key hurdles for older PCs are usually:
CPU (Processor) Compatibility:
Requirement: 1 GHz or faster with 2 or more cores on a compatible 64-bit processor. Microsoft maintains a list of approved CPUs. Generally, this means Intel 8th Gen (Coffee Lake) or newer, and AMD Ryzen 2000 series or newer.
Upgradability: This is often the trickiest and most expensive upgrade. If your CPU isn't on the list, you would likely need to replace your motherboard AND CPU (and possibly RAM, as newer motherboards often require different RAM types). This is essentially building a new core system and might not be cost-effective for an older PC.
TPM (Trusted Platform Module) 2.0:
Requirement: TPM version 2.0. This is a hardware security module that stores cryptographic keys.
Upgradability:
Enable in BIOS/UEFI: Many PCs manufactured in the last 5-7 years actually have TPM 2.0 (or fTPM/PTT, firmware-based TPM) but it might be disabled in the BIOS/UEFI settings. This is the easiest fix – just enable it.
Add a TPM Module: Some older motherboards (typically from around the Intel 6th/7th gen or similar AMD era) have a TPM header where you can purchase and install a physical TPM 2.0 module. This is a relatively inexpensive upgrade if your motherboard supports it.
Motherboard Replacement: If your motherboard doesn't have an integrated fTPM/PTT and lacks a TPM header, you would need to replace the motherboard (which usually means a new CPU and RAM too).
UEFI Firmware with Secure Boot Capability:
Requirement: Your system firmware must be UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface, a modern BIOS replacement) and Secure Boot capable.
Upgradability:
Enable in BIOS/UEFI: Similar to TPM, many modern PCs are UEFI-capable but might be running in "Legacy BIOS" or "CSM" (Compatibility Support Module) mode. You can often switch to UEFI mode in your BIOS/UEFI settings.
Enable Secure Boot: Once in UEFI mode, you can usually enable Secure Boot from within the BIOS/UEFI settings.
Motherboard Limitation: Very old PCs might only support Legacy BIOS and not UEFI at all. In this case, a motherboard replacement would be necessary.
RAM (Memory):
Requirement: 4 GB or greater.
Upgradability: This is usually the easiest and cheapest upgrade. Most desktops and many laptops allow you to add more RAM.
Storage:
Requirement: 64 GB or larger storage device.
Upgradability: Easily upgradable. You can replace a smaller HDD/SSD with a larger one.
Graphics Card:
Requirement: Compatible with DirectX 12 or later with WDDM 2.0 driver.
Upgradability: Most integrated and dedicated graphics cards from the last several years meet this. If yours doesn't, you could install a new graphics card (for desktops) or be out of luck (for laptops).
How to Check Your PC's Compatibility:
The best way to determine what specifically is holding your PC back is to use Microsoft's PC Health Check app. It will tell you exactly which requirements your system meets and which it doesn't.
Summary of Upgrade Possibilities:
Most Common & Easiest:
Enabling TPM 2.0 in BIOS/UEFI.
Enabling Secure Boot in BIOS/UEFI (after switching to UEFI mode if needed).
Adding more RAM (if less than 4GB).
Upgrading storage drive size.
More Involved & Potentially Costly:
Adding a physical TPM 2.0 module (if your motherboard has the header).
Upgrading the CPU (often requires a new motherboard and RAM too).
Replacing the motherboard (almost always requires new CPU and RAM).
Upgrading the graphics card (for desktops).
Is it worth it?
For older PCs that require a new CPU and motherboard, it often makes more sense financially to purchase a new PC that comes with Windows 11 pre-installed or is fully compatible out-of-the-box. The cost of individual component upgrades can quickly add up, and you'll end up with a system that's still fundamentally older than a brand-new one.
However, if you only need to enable TPM/Secure Boot in BIOS or add RAM, it's definitely a viable and cheap way to get on Windows 11.
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